See breken in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken bred"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken fro"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken heed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken los"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breken up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brekere"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "break"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brack"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breck"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brak"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brek"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "brek"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brack"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breck"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brak"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brek"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "breke"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "brough"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "brocke"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "brek"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brecan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English brecan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brecan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English brecan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brekan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brekaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brekaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "brayen",
"id1": "to break up",
"t1": "to break up"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of brayen (“to break up”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English brecan, from Proto-West Germanic *brekan, from Proto-Germanic *brekaną. Doublet of brayen (“to break up”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "breketh",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brekynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brak",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "broken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brek",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brekest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breketh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brek",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "braken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breketh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brekynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brekende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "broken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybroken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybroke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breek",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "brek",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breyken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breoken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "breken",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "breketh",
"2": "brekynge",
"3": "brak",
"4": "breken or broken"
},
"expansion": "breken (third-person singular simple present breketh, present participle brekynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative brak, past participle breken or broken)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brek",
"2": "brak",
"2a": "brek",
"3": "brek",
"3a": "brak",
"3a2": "brok",
"4": "brok",
"class": "4",
"s2": "brext",
"s3": "brekth"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
60
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
52,
58
]
],
"english": "He'll control them with an iron rod, and they'll be broken apart like a potter's vessel.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 2:27, folio 118, recto, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "\"he ſchal gou̇ne hem ın an ırẽ ȝerde / ⁊ þei ſchulẽ be bꝛokũ togıdere .· as a veſſel of a pottere",
"translation": "He'll control them with an iron rod, and they'll be broken apart like a potter's vessel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces"
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-6SIetx4b",
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To pulverise; to break into innumerable small pieces."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-oxhAJm2j",
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"pulverise",
"pulverise"
],
[
"innumerable",
"innumerable"
],
[
"small",
"small"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 5 5 10 5 5 5 6 2 3 3 8 4 4 6 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 15 7 9 5 8 3 1 4 15 5 5 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To break off; to split from a larger whole."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-0yQpHTOS",
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"break off",
"break off"
],
[
"larger",
"larger"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To ruin or break."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-Cicn5sqS",
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"(figurative, of the heart) To ruin or break."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the heart"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
83,
88
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
66,
71
]
],
"english": "These things occurred so Scripture could be fulfilled: \"You won't break any of his bones\".",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 19:36, folio 55, recto, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "and þeſe thingis werẽ don .· that the ſcripture ſchulde be fillid / ȝe ſchulen not bꝛeke a boon of hym",
"translation": "These things occurred so Scripture could be fulfilled: \"You won't break any of his bones\".",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To injure (a person or bone)"
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-9xMDoPG6",
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"injure",
"injure"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"bone",
"bone#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To dissolve or scatter (an institution or group)"
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-nIf8FRaQ",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"dissolve",
"dissolve"
],
[
"scatter",
"scatter"
],
[
"institution",
"institution#English"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To mentally weaken or corrode; to break down."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-wbH2OasZ",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"mentally",
"mentally"
],
[
"weaken",
"weaken"
],
[
"corrode",
"corrode"
],
[
"break down",
"break down"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
96,
100
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
111,
116
]
],
"english": "\"Lucifer with his legions learned this in heaven; / he was the most pleasing to see after our Lord, / until he broke [his] obedience due to his pride.\"",
"ref": "c. 1370, [William Langland], “[Passus 1]”, in Petrus plowmon (V, A-text), Worcestershire, published c. 1390, folio 395, verso, column 2; republished as Bodleian Library MS. Eng. poet. a. 1, Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "¶ Lucıfer wᵗ legıoũs. lerede hıt ın heuene / He was louelokeſt of sıht. aftur vr loꝛd. / Tıl he bꝛak Boxũnes. þoꝛw boſt of hım seluen",
"translation": "\"Lucifer with his legions learned this in heaven; / he was the most pleasing to see after our Lord, / until he broke [his] obedience due to his pride.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To violate; to fail to adhere to."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-4ljBDPVc",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To stop, end, or terminate."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-m7jjNNfu",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"terminate",
"terminate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To destroy or split (a pustule, rheum, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-MF2iAiT5",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"pustule",
"pustule#English"
],
[
"rheum",
"rheum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"(medicine) To destroy or split (a pustule, rheum, etc.)"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 15 7 9 5 8 3 1 4 15 5 5 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"To breach; to forcibly enter (especially to rob)."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-u1mdujwu",
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"break open",
"break open"
],
[
"break into",
"break into"
],
[
"breach",
"breach"
],
[
"forcibly",
"forcibly"
],
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"rob",
"rob#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"To rupture or dent (fabric, a membrane, or the soil)."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-~iBoz3YN",
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"break open",
"break open"
],
[
"break into",
"break into"
],
[
"rupture",
"rupture"
],
[
"dent",
"dent"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric#English"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane#English"
],
[
"soil",
"soil#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"To erupt; to break into (e.g. action or speech)."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-MZO-kbzs",
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"break open",
"break open"
],
[
"break into",
"break into"
],
[
"erupt",
"erupt"
],
[
"speech",
"speech#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"(rare) To erupt; to break into (e.g. action or speech)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break out; to escape from."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-IxTZtaGn",
"links": [
[
"break out",
"break out"
],
[
"escape",
"escape"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To pause or interrupt; to temporarily stop."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-yk8T9oEa",
"links": [
[
"pause",
"pause"
],
[
"interrupt",
"interrupt"
],
[
"temporarily",
"temporarily"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To swerve or bend; to be or put in a curve."
],
"id": "en-breken-enm-verb-FjLv3MbS",
"links": [
[
"swerve",
"swerve"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"put",
"put"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛ̞ːkən/"
}
],
"word": "breken"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 4 strong verbs",
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰreg-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "breken bred"
},
{
"word": "breken fro"
},
{
"word": "breken heed"
},
{
"word": "breken in"
},
{
"word": "breken los"
},
{
"word": "breken on"
},
{
"word": "breken out"
},
{
"word": "breken up"
},
{
"word": "brekere"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "break"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brack"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breck"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brak"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brek"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "brek"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brack"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breck"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brak"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "brek"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "breke"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "brough"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "brocke"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "brek"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brecan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English brecan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brecan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English brecan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brekan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brekaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brekaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "brayen",
"id1": "to break up",
"t1": "to break up"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of brayen (“to break up”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English brecan, from Proto-West Germanic *brekan, from Proto-Germanic *brekaną. Doublet of brayen (“to break up”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "breketh",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brekynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brak",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "broken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brek",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brekest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breketh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brek",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "braken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breketh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brekynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brekende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "broken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "broke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybroken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybroke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brake",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breek",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "brek",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breyken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breoken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "breken",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "breketh",
"2": "brekynge",
"3": "brak",
"4": "breken or broken"
},
"expansion": "breken (third-person singular simple present breketh, present participle brekynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative brak, past participle breken or broken)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brek",
"2": "brak",
"2a": "brek",
"3": "brek",
"3a": "brak",
"3a2": "brok",
"4": "brok",
"class": "4",
"s2": "brext",
"s3": "brekth"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
60
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
52,
58
]
],
"english": "He'll control them with an iron rod, and they'll be broken apart like a potter's vessel.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 2:27, folio 118, recto, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "\"he ſchal gou̇ne hem ın an ırẽ ȝerde / ⁊ þei ſchulẽ be bꝛokũ togıdere .· as a veſſel of a pottere",
"translation": "He'll control them with an iron rod, and they'll be broken apart like a potter's vessel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces"
],
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To pulverise; to break into innumerable small pieces."
],
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"pulverise",
"pulverise"
],
[
"innumerable",
"innumerable"
],
[
"small",
"small"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To break off; to split from a larger whole."
],
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"break off",
"break off"
],
[
"larger",
"larger"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To ruin or break."
],
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"(figurative, of the heart) To ruin or break."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the heart"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
83,
88
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
66,
71
]
],
"english": "These things occurred so Scripture could be fulfilled: \"You won't break any of his bones\".",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 19:36, folio 55, recto, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "and þeſe thingis werẽ don .· that the ſcripture ſchulde be fillid / ȝe ſchulen not bꝛeke a boon of hym",
"translation": "These things occurred so Scripture could be fulfilled: \"You won't break any of his bones\".",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break up or split; to break into two or more pieces:",
"To injure (a person or bone)"
],
"links": [
[
"break up",
"break up"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"more",
"more"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"injure",
"injure"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"bone",
"bone#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To dissolve or scatter (an institution or group)"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"dissolve",
"dissolve"
],
[
"scatter",
"scatter"
],
[
"institution",
"institution#English"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To mentally weaken or corrode; to break down."
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"mentally",
"mentally"
],
[
"weaken",
"weaken"
],
[
"corrode",
"corrode"
],
[
"break down",
"break down"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
96,
100
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
111,
116
]
],
"english": "\"Lucifer with his legions learned this in heaven; / he was the most pleasing to see after our Lord, / until he broke [his] obedience due to his pride.\"",
"ref": "c. 1370, [William Langland], “[Passus 1]”, in Petrus plowmon (V, A-text), Worcestershire, published c. 1390, folio 395, verso, column 2; republished as Bodleian Library MS. Eng. poet. a. 1, Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "¶ Lucıfer wᵗ legıoũs. lerede hıt ın heuene / He was louelokeſt of sıht. aftur vr loꝛd. / Tıl he bꝛak Boxũnes. þoꝛw boſt of hım seluen",
"translation": "\"Lucifer with his legions learned this in heaven; / he was the most pleasing to see after our Lord, / until he broke [his] obedience due to his pride.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To violate; to fail to adhere to."
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To stop, end, or terminate."
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"terminate",
"terminate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"To destroy or split (a pustule, rheum, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"pustule",
"pustule#English"
],
[
"rheum",
"rheum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To ruin or destroy:",
"(medicine) To destroy or split (a pustule, rheum, etc.)"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"To breach; to forcibly enter (especially to rob)."
],
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"break open",
"break open"
],
[
"break into",
"break into"
],
[
"breach",
"breach"
],
[
"forcibly",
"forcibly"
],
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"rob",
"rob#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"To rupture or dent (fabric, a membrane, or the soil)."
],
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"break open",
"break open"
],
[
"break into",
"break into"
],
[
"rupture",
"rupture"
],
[
"dent",
"dent"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric#English"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane#English"
],
[
"soil",
"soil#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"To erupt; to break into (e.g. action or speech)."
],
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"break open",
"break open"
],
[
"break into",
"break into"
],
[
"erupt",
"erupt"
],
[
"speech",
"speech#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To pierce, break open or break into:",
"(rare) To erupt; to break into (e.g. action or speech)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break out; to escape from."
],
"links": [
[
"break out",
"break out"
],
[
"escape",
"escape"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To pause or interrupt; to temporarily stop."
],
"links": [
[
"pause",
"pause"
],
[
"interrupt",
"interrupt"
],
[
"temporarily",
"temporarily"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To swerve or bend; to be or put in a curve."
],
"links": [
[
"swerve",
"swerve"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"put",
"put"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛ̞ːkən/"
}
],
"word": "breken"
}
Download raw JSONL data for breken meaning in Middle English (14.1kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''To break up or split; to break'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"breken"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "breken",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.